法語(yǔ)天主教魯汶大學(xué)自從1425年建立以來(lái)，一直倡導(dǎo)開(kāi)放，“向世界開(kāi)放”是它的教學(xué)和研究使命的核心。下面請(qǐng)看整理并翻譯的天主教魯汶大學(xué)基本概況，希望對(duì)你有幫助。

一、關(guān)于法語(yǔ)天主教魯汶大學(xué)

Top-ranked Belgian francophone university

Placing 149th in the 2016 QS ranking of the world’s universities, UCL is ranked first among Belgian francophone universities. It is also one of Europe’s most well established universities, having been founded in 1425. Erasmus, Gerardus Mercator and Andreas Vesalius are among the greats to have graced its halls; it’s where Georges Lema?tre formulated his Big Bang theory and Christian de Duve conducted research that won him the 1974 Nobel Prize in Medicine.

比利時(shí)的法語(yǔ)大學(xué)

天主教魯汶大學(xué)在QS2016年世界大學(xué)排名中位列第149位，在QS2018年大學(xué)排名中位列第153位，是比利時(shí)法語(yǔ)大學(xué)中排名最高的大學(xué)。不僅如此，天主教魯汶大學(xué)還是歐洲最有聲望的大學(xué)之一，它成立于1425年，伊拉斯謨、杰拉杜斯·麥卡托和安德雷亞斯·維薩里等人物都為魯汶大學(xué)增添了光彩。也正是在魯汶大學(xué)，喬治·勒梅特創(chuàng)立了大爆炸理論，克里斯汀?德迪夫從事了獲得1974年諾貝爾醫(yī)學(xué)獎(jiǎng)的研究。

UCL: a window open to the world Since its foundation in 1425, "openness to the world" has been at the core of the UCL's missions in teaching and research. This means today: high percentage of international students at UCL: on fifth of our students come from the five continents representing more than 120 nationalities; many students exchanges, teachers and researchers through European networks (Erasmus programmes) and International networks (Erasmus Mundus, CEMS, TIME, Cluster, etc.), one fourth of UCL graduate students benefit from an experience abroad and UCL welcome as many students through our partnerships; A volontarist politic of partnerships with Higher Education Institutions from the South AND from more developed countries; An active participation in many networks in Teaching (CUD, Coimbra, AUF, CINDA, FUCE, FIUC, etc.) as well as in Research (6th European framework, etc.). The International action of UCL works because of the participation of all members of the university, dynamically coordinated by the Council of the International relations (CRI) with the support of its administration (ADRI ) under the responsability of the Prorector of the International Relations.

天主教魯汶大學(xué)自從1425年建立以來(lái)，一直作為向世界開(kāi)放的窗口，“向世界開(kāi)放”一直是它的教學(xué)和研究使命的核心。這在今天意味著天主教魯汶大學(xué)有高比例的國(guó)際生。事實(shí)上，我們五分之一的學(xué)生屬于國(guó)際生，他們來(lái)自五大洲，代表了120多個(gè)國(guó)家。通過(guò)歐洲聯(lián)網(wǎng)伊拉斯謨計(jì)劃和國(guó)際網(wǎng)絡(luò)伊拉斯莫斯世界計(jì)劃、CEMS、TIME、Cluster等計(jì)劃，我們有了許多學(xué)生交換項(xiàng)目、老師和研究生交流項(xiàng)目。我們四分之一的畢業(yè)生從海外經(jīng)歷從獲益，通過(guò)我們的合作伙伴關(guān)系，我們歡迎各種類型的學(xué)生。我們同南方和更多發(fā)達(dá)國(guó)家有支援合作關(guān)系。我們積極參與各種教學(xué)和研究計(jì)劃。天主教魯汶大學(xué)的國(guó)際行動(dòng)之所以行之有效是因?yàn)閷W(xué)校所有成員的參與，且得到國(guó)際關(guān)系委員會(huì)大力支持。

Facultiy and staff

Number of academic faculty staffNumber of studentsNumber of international studentsIn total1219In total24277In total4468International406Postgraduate51%Postgraduate53%Undergraduate49%Undergraduate47%

師生人數(shù)

專業(yè)教員人數(shù)學(xué)生人數(shù)國(guó)際學(xué)生人數(shù)總共1219總共24277總共4468國(guó)際教員406研究生占比51%研究生占比53%本科生占比49%本科生占比47%

二、法語(yǔ)天主教魯汶大學(xué)的歷史

1425

Taking the lead, the city offers buildings and pays professors. Classes begin in October 1426. Leuven is one of the few comprehensive universities, with five faculties: theology (established in 1432), civil law, canon law, medicine and the arts. Until 1816 it remains the only university on the territory that becomes present-day Belgium.

1516

In Leuven, Erasmus discovers texts essential to his research, publishes his friend Thomas More’s Utopia, and pushes for the establishment of the Collegium Trilingue (‘College of the Three Languages’, Latin, Greek, Hebrew), which becomes a European centre of humanism.

1543

Vésale revolutionises anatomical knowledge with his treatise De humani corpore fabrica, which draws directly from his inquiries into dissection. He studied at Leuven, as did Mercator, who in 1569 publishes his projection system that leads to the first maps of the continents.

1592

Juste Lipse is appointed to the prestigious Collegium Trilingue (‘College of the Three Languages’, Latin, Greek, Hebrew), the first of its kind in Europe. A leading expert on Tacitus, he brings history and political thought into the intellectual realm.

1425

魯汶率先提供教學(xué)樓，為教授付薪。1426年10月開(kāi)課，時(shí)有五個(gè)學(xué)院：神學(xué)院(成立于1432年)、民法學(xué)院、教會(huì)法學(xué)院、醫(yī)學(xué)院和文學(xué)院。在1816年以前，天主教魯汶大學(xué)都是比利時(shí)唯一的大學(xué)。

1516

伊拉斯謨?cè)隰斻氚l(fā)現(xiàn)了重要研究文本，出版了其友人托馬斯莫爾的《烏托邦》，促成了“三語(yǔ)言學(xué)院”的成立。三語(yǔ)言學(xué)院后來(lái)成為歐洲的一個(gè)人文主義中心。

1543

維薩里出版專著De humani corpore fabrica，對(duì)解剖學(xué)進(jìn)行了革新。和墨卡托一樣，維薩里在魯汶學(xué)習(xí)。墨卡托于1569年出版了“等角投影”(即墨卡托投影)，使張世界地圖得以形成。

1592

Juste Lipse 到歐洲首個(gè)語(yǔ)言學(xué)院“三語(yǔ)言學(xué)院”供職。作為研究歷史學(xué)家塔西佗的專家，Juste Lipse 將歷史和政治思想引入了知識(shí)領(lǐng)域。

1637

René Descartes sends his Discourse on Method to Leuven to be debated. Modern physics takes its place in the course and research programmes of the two science faculties: arts and medicine. Leuven now has 40 colleges, as well as teaching facilities and student accommodation modelled on Oxford, Cambridge, Bologna and Paris.

1755

Advanced mathematics and applied sciences enter the curriculum. The Faculty of Medicine is fitted with a modern anatomical theatre. By 1786 the university’s main library will expand to 50,000 volumes.

1797

In 1794 Belgium is incorporated into France. The Republic issues a law closing the university in 1797. It is re-established in 1816, in the wake of Napoleon’s final defeat, as a university of the United Kingdom of the Netherlands. Mathematical and natural sciences become a single faculty. A botanical garden is created. The university builds a large auditorium (la Grande Rotonde) for assemblies and academic events.

1834

The 1830 Belgian Constitution proclaims the freedom of education, which contrasts with the interventionism of all other European states. In 1834 Belgian bishops establish the Catholic University of Malines and in 1835 transfer it into University of Leuven buildings built in 1425. Its first mission is to train managers of the new state and of a society experiencing industrial and cultural revolution. The Faculty of Medicine guarantees its students employment at Saint-Pierre Public Hospital, in Brussels.

1637

笛卡爾將其著作《方法論》帶到魯汶，引發(fā)了爭(zhēng)議。現(xiàn)代物理學(xué)在文學(xué)院、醫(yī)學(xué)院的課程和研究計(jì)劃中有了一席之地。魯汶此時(shí)已有40個(gè)學(xué)院、教學(xué)設(shè)施和學(xué)生宿舍，這些都是以牛津、劍橋、博洛尼亞和巴黎為范本。

1755

高數(shù)和應(yīng)用科學(xué)被引入課程。醫(yī)學(xué)院有了現(xiàn)代解剖學(xué)教室。到1786年，魯汶大學(xué)的主要圖書(shū)館有了5萬(wàn)冊(cè)藏書(shū)。

1797

比利時(shí)被法國(guó)占領(lǐng)。同年，法國(guó)下令關(guān)閉魯汶大學(xué)。拿破侖最終戰(zhàn)敗后，魯汶大學(xué)重新建立，作為英國(guó)管轄之下的荷蘭的一所大學(xué)。這個(gè)時(shí)候，數(shù)學(xué)和自然科學(xué)合為一個(gè)學(xué)院。有了植物園和用于集會(huì)和學(xué)術(shù)活動(dòng)的會(huì)堂。

1834

比利時(shí)憲法宣布教育自由，與當(dāng)時(shí)歐洲其他國(guó)家的干預(yù)主義形成鮮明對(duì)比。1834年，比利時(shí)主教成立天主教馬林絲紗羅大學(xué)。1835年，將其并入成立于1425年的魯汶大學(xué)。其使命的為正在經(jīng)歷工業(yè)和文化革命的新國(guó)家和社會(huì)培養(yǎng)干事。醫(yī)學(xué)院則為其學(xué)生分配工作，安排學(xué)生到布魯塞爾的圣彼得公立醫(yī)院就業(yè)。

1868

Specialised engineering and agronomy schools open (1878). In subsequent decades, all faculties establish institutes – archaeology, economics, political and social sciences, medical specialisations – expand their course programmes, install laboratories and create seminars that teach students critical thinking and scientific research methods. A dozen international research journals are born at the university.

1896

Charles-Jean de la Vallée Poussin, professor in the Faculty of Sciences, proves the prime number theorem. Arthur Van Gehuchten (Faculty of Medicine) develops neuron theory with future Nobel Prize winner Ramon y Cajal and establishes a university neurology chair and clinic.

1909

Paulin Ladeuze becomes rector. A leading New Testament exegete who in 1900 helped put the university’s Faculty of Theology at the international forefront, he establishes institutes and rebuilds the university library, which was destroyed 25 August 1914, during the First World War. In 1924, the United States, many European countries including France and Greece, and Japan replenish the library with an exceptional donation of manuscripts, books and artworks reflecting local cultural history.

1927-1932

In the 1920s, Georges Lema?tre is one of the first and finest experts of Einstein’s general theory of relativity (1915). He connects the theory to experimental data proliferating in the field of astronomy and presents two hypotheses, in 1927 and 1931 respectively, that turn cosmology on its head: the universe is both expanding and the result of an initial explosion of incredibly concentrated energy. Current cosmology has preserved Lema?tre’s founding insights and confirmed his theory.

1868

專門的工程學(xué)院和農(nóng)藝學(xué)院成立(1878)。在接下來(lái)的幾十年里，所有學(xué)院都有了自己研究所，考古學(xué)、經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)、政治學(xué)、社會(huì)科學(xué)和醫(yī)學(xué)都有了研究所，豐富了課程，有了實(shí)驗(yàn)室和探討會(huì)，培養(yǎng)學(xué)生的批判性思考和科研方法。十多份國(guó)際研究期刊這時(shí)也已誕生。

1896

科學(xué)院教授普森證明了素?cái)?shù)定理。醫(yī)學(xué)院的Arthur Van Gehuchten 和未來(lái)諾貝爾獎(jiǎng)得主拉蒙卡哈爾發(fā)展了神經(jīng)元學(xué)說(shuō)，建立了大學(xué)神經(jīng)病學(xué)教授職位和診所。

1909

Paulin Ladeuze擔(dān)任魯汶大學(xué)校長(zhǎng)。作為新約圣經(jīng)權(quán)威的評(píng)注者，Paulin Ladeuze于1900年將魯汶大學(xué)神學(xué)院推向了國(guó)際前沿。他成立了研究所，改建了大學(xué)圖書(shū)館(圖書(shū)館在1914年8月25日一戰(zhàn)期間毀壞)。1924年，美國(guó)、法國(guó)、希臘和日本等國(guó)家為魯汶大學(xué)圖書(shū)館捐贈(zèng)了大量手稿、書(shū)籍、藝術(shù)品。這些捐贈(zèng)都反映了當(dāng)?shù)氐奈幕瘹v史。

1927-1932

20世紀(jì)20年代，喬治·勒梅特成為愛(ài)因斯坦廣義相對(duì)論(1915)的個(gè)也是最優(yōu)秀的研究者。他將廣義相對(duì)論理論同實(shí)驗(yàn)數(shù)據(jù)，擴(kuò)充了天文學(xué)領(lǐng)域，并分別于1927年和1931年提出了兩個(gè)假設(shè)，顛覆了宇宙論。他認(rèn)為宇宙正在擴(kuò)張，并且是原始大爆炸的產(chǎn)物。如今的宇宙論仍然保留了喬治·勒梅特的這一洞見(jiàn)，并證明了他的理論。

1940

Paulin Ladeuze dies in January 1940. Honoré Van Waeyenbergh succeeds him and soon must confront war and Belgium’s occupation. He protects students from forced labour in Germany and welcomes students from ULB, which is forced to close. After the war, he takes on the challenge of making university education more accessible.

1966

The Centre for Operations Research and Econometrics (CORE) is created in 1966 as an interdisciplinary, interuniversity and international research centre. Throughout its history, it will recruit gifted and celebrated researchers, among them winners of the Nobel Prize (Gérard Debreu, Robert J. Aumann).

1968

In 1968, the university splits into Dutch-speaking and French-speaking universities. The French-speaking university (UCL) builds all-new facilities: the university town of Louvain-la-Neuve in Brabant Wallon and the site of Woluwe Saint-Lambert in Brussels. The relocation begins in Louvain-la-Neuve in October 1972 and in Woluwe in September 1974. The Saint-Luc University Hospital opens in August 1976.

1969

Paul-Jacques Kestens and Jean-Bernard Otte, professors in the Faculty of Medicine, perform the first successful liver transplant on the European continent. In the early 1980s transplants commence at Saint-Luc University Hospital, where doctors can effectively fight organ rejection. Since then, the hospital has been the scene of many world firsts.

1940

Paulin Ladeuze在1940年1月逝世，Honoré Van Waeyenbergh 擔(dān)任魯汶大學(xué)校長(zhǎng)。不久，魯汶大學(xué)陷入戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)，比利時(shí)被占領(lǐng)。在這期間，Honoré Van Waeyenbergh 保護(hù)學(xué)生免于德國(guó)勞役，并歡迎了布魯塞爾自由大學(xué)的學(xué)生(布魯塞爾自由大學(xué)當(dāng)時(shí)被迫關(guān)閉)。二戰(zhàn)之后，Honoré Van Waeyenbergh 扛起了普及大學(xué)教育的重?fù)?dān)。

1966

運(yùn)籌學(xué)和計(jì)量經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)研究中心成立，成為跨學(xué)科、跨高校的國(guó)際研究中心。在整個(gè)歷史中，運(yùn)籌學(xué)和計(jì)量經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)研究中心聘用了有才能且有聲望的研究員，其中有諾貝爾獎(jiǎng)得主杰拉德·德布魯和羅伯特.奧曼。

1968

天主教魯汶大學(xué)分裂，分為荷蘭語(yǔ)魯汶大學(xué) (KUL)和法語(yǔ)魯汶大學(xué)(UCL)。法語(yǔ)魯汶大學(xué)遷往新校址，遷到布拉班瓦隆區(qū)大學(xué)城新魯汶市和布魯塞爾Woluwe Saint-Lambert 。前一個(gè)校址的搬遷始于1972年10月，后者始于1974年9月。圣魯克大學(xué)醫(yī)院于1976年8月開(kāi)放。

1969

醫(yī)學(xué)院教授Paul-Jacques Kestens 和Jean-Bernard Otte成功完成歐洲大陸首個(gè)肝臟移植手術(shù)。29世紀(jì)80年代，移植手術(shù)在圣魯克大學(xué)醫(yī)院展開(kāi)。在這里，博士們可以有效地同器官排斥進(jìn)行斗爭(zhēng)。自那以后，圣魯克大學(xué)醫(yī)院成了諸多世界的誕生地。

1974

Christian de Duve (1917-2013) received the Nobel Prize in Medicine in 1974 for identifying two organelles, the lysosome (1955) and the peroxisome (1965), which affect how a cell absorbs beneficial substances and rejects others. A few months later, he establishes the UCL Molecular Pathology Institute, a biochemistry and genetics research centre that today is called the de Duve Institute.

1983

UCL teams participate in all European framework research programmes from their creation in 1983.

1991

The purpose of the Hoover Chair of Economic and Social Ethics is to stimulate thinking on teaching and research ethics and to contribute to an open and informed debate regarding questions of importance to society. Research programmes on sustainable development, climate change and understanding new global forces are launched in all disciplines.

1974

克里斯汀?德迪夫因鑒定了兩個(gè)細(xì)胞器溶酶體(1955)和 過(guò)氧物酶體 (1965)獲得1074年諾貝爾醫(yī)學(xué)獎(jiǎng)。正是這兩個(gè)細(xì)胞器影響了細(xì)胞對(duì)有意物質(zhì)的吸收和對(duì)其他物質(zhì)的排斥。兩個(gè)月之后，克里斯汀?德迪夫建立了法語(yǔ)魯汶大學(xué)分子病理學(xué)研究所。作為生物化學(xué)和遺傳研究中心，這個(gè)研究所今天仍被叫做德迪夫研究所。

1983

法語(yǔ)魯汶大學(xué)團(tuán)隊(duì)參加同年成立的所有歐洲框架研究計(jì)劃。

1991

胡佛經(jīng)濟(jì)與社會(huì)倫理委員會(huì)成立。委員會(huì)目的是為了促進(jìn)倫理學(xué)教研方面的思考，為公開(kāi)和專業(yè)地討論具有社會(huì)影響力的問(wèn)題做出貢獻(xiàn)。所有學(xué)科都啟動(dòng)了可持續(xù)發(fā)展、氣候變化和新興全球力量相關(guān)研究計(jì)劃。

2004

The entire curriculum is revamped during transition to the so-called Bologna Process and Higher Education Area. Dynamic teaching methods, promotion of lifelong learning, university partnerships (dual degrees) and the Project for Students with a Specific Profile (PEPS), begun in 2007, are among the reforms.

2005

The Louvain School of Engineering expands its programme of clean rooms: high-tech laboratories for the production of micro- and nanoscopic devices intended especially for research in microelectronics, materials and biology.

2010

ACCROCHE : UCL is made up of 14 faculties and its research teams are organised into 21 institutes: nine in the Human Sciences Sector; five (linked to 35 specialised research centres, groups, units and laboratories) in the Health Sciences Sector; five (16) in the Science and Technology Sector; and one that is intersectoral (four).

2004

所有課程在進(jìn)入所謂“波羅尼亞進(jìn)程和高等教育區(qū)”之后都進(jìn)行了修改。從2007年開(kāi)始的動(dòng)態(tài)教學(xué)法、促進(jìn)終身學(xué)習(xí)、大學(xué)伙伴關(guān)系(雙學(xué)位)和特殊簡(jiǎn)介學(xué)生計(jì)劃都是改革的的內(nèi)容。

2005

魯汶工程學(xué)院推動(dòng)清潔室計(jì)劃，有了專門同于微電子學(xué)、材料和生物研究的高科技微觀設(shè)備和納米設(shè)備生產(chǎn)實(shí)驗(yàn)室。

2010

法語(yǔ)魯汶大學(xué)分為14個(gè)學(xué)院，其研究團(tuán)隊(duì)分布在21個(gè)研究機(jī)構(gòu)。其中，9個(gè)分布在人文科學(xué)部，5個(gè)在科學(xué)健康部(科學(xué)健康部聯(lián)絡(luò)有35個(gè)專門研究中心、團(tuán)隊(duì)、單位和實(shí)驗(yàn)室)，5個(gè)在科技部，1個(gè)在跨學(xué)科部。